Which technologies are part of congestion avoidance?

Which technologies are part of congestion avoidance?

• A. RED and WRED
• B. SPF and Dijkstra
• C. TCP and UDP
• D. QoS and VoIP

Answer: (A)

The correct choice, which highlights technologies fundamental to congestion avoidance, identifies Random Early Detection (RED) and Weighted Random Early Detection (WRED) as key techniques. These algorithms are designed to proactively manage packet transmission by monitoring network traffic levels. When congestion begins to be detected, RED and WRED allow for packets to be selectively dropped before the buffer becomes completely full, effectively signaling the sending devices to reduce their transmission rates. This helps in maintaining overall network stability and performance by preventing sudden packet loss and reducing latency. In contrast, the other options focus on unrelated areas. SPF (Shortest Path First) and Dijkstra’s algorithm pertain to routing protocols and pathfinding rather than congestion control. TCP and UDP are transport layer protocols, where TCP incorporates some congestion control mechanisms, but UDP does not engage in congestion avoidance. Lastly, Quality of Service (QoS) is a broader concept for managing network resources and assuring service quality, while VoIP is a communication technology. Neither of these directly addresses the specific mechanisms employed for managing congestion in networks.

The correct choice, which highlights technologies fundamental to congestion avoidance, identifies Random Early Detection (RED) and Weighted Random Early Detection (WRED) as key techniques. These algorithms are designed to proactively manage packet transmission by monitoring network traffic levels. When congestion begins to be detected, RED and WRED allow for packets to be selectively dropped before the buffer becomes completely full, effectively signaling the sending devices to reduce their transmission rates. This helps in maintaining overall network stability and performance by preventing sudden packet loss and reducing latency.

In contrast, the other options focus on unrelated areas. SPF (Shortest Path First) and Dijkstra’s algorithm pertain to routing protocols and pathfinding rather than congestion control. TCP and UDP are transport layer protocols, where TCP incorporates some congestion control mechanisms, but UDP does not engage in congestion avoidance. Lastly, Quality of Service (QoS) is a broader concept for managing network resources and assuring service quality, while VoIP is a communication technology. Neither of these directly addresses the specific mechanisms employed for managing congestion in networks.